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Spotted Tail was the leader of the Brule Sioux during the Plains Wars of the s. His name came from a striped raccoon pelt given to him by a trapper.

Chief spotted tail biography definition The freed Lakota went to the Powder River, where they were furnished with horses, cows, tepee and everything necessary, and where they spent winter forming a camp of more than 1, tepee; [ 36 ] Moonlight with his troops, cautiously and leisurely, kept their trail until the White Earth River, where the Teton stampeded cavalry horses and stepped away undisturbed while the soldiers, compacted their ranks, were standing at defense. Grattan and Ash Hollow battles [ edit ]. In the summer gen. See also [ edit ].

His prowess as a warrior against the Pawnee during the s elevated the young warrior to be a war leader before he was thirty.

A valiant man, Spotted Tail surrendered himself to soldiers Ft. Laramie in about to spare the tribe retaliation after a Brule committed murder. Spotted Tail thought he would be executed, but instead was imprisoned for a year at Ft.

Leavenworth. During his year in prison he learned to read and write English.

Chief spotted tail biography definition ap With Spotted Tail in the lead, the warriors attacked in full force on January 7, , killing four noncommissioned officers and 11 enlisted men of the 7th Iowa Volunteer Cavalry stationed at nearby Fort Rankin. Sinte Gleska University named for him, Red Cloud accused Spotted Tail of selling tribal land throughout the s and then keeping the money. Main article: Treaty of Fort Laramie

Spotted Tail allied himself with the war leaders after the Massacre of Sand Creek, but during Red Cloud’s war over the Bozeman Trail, he cooperated with peace negotiations. After the death of Chief Little Thunder, the Brule chose Spotted Tail as their new chief. He signed the Treaty of Ft. Laramie in agreeing to a large Brule reservation in South Dakota.

During the s he traveled many times with Red Cloud to Washington to lobby on behalf of the Sioux.

Spotted Tail refused to sell the Black Hills to the government after gold was discovered. The United States offered $6 million.

Chief red cloud High Forehead said he would die first. At a secret meeting, most of the chiefs and headmen decided that they would rather die than go to Fort Kearny to starve and be near their Pawnee enemies. Spotted Tail returned a hero, for he had offered himself in sacrifice for his people. Governor Evans asked for the 2nd Colorado Volunteers Cavalry, then busy in Kansas, to enroll a new 3rd Colorado Volunteers Cavalry, whose soldiers subscribed for days, commanded by Colonel John Chivington.

Wisely, Spotted Tail researched it and asked for $60 million. The government refused. In the ensuing war Spotted Tail tried again to negotiate a peace treaty.

At the war’s conclusion the Sioux were forced to live on reservations and Spotted Tail became a very strong-willed administrator for his people.

He maintained a police force to keep liquor off the reservation and he worked diligently to keep the Sioux from being sent to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. Once when a man from his tribe was accused of murder, he turned the man over to the federal authorities and then used his own money to hire a defense attorney.

Red Cloud accused Spotted Tail of selling tribal land throughout the s and then keeping the money.

Chief spotted tail biography definition us history Troops from Fort Laramie, however, derailed their plans and attacked the war party in western Nebraska Territory, so Spotted Tail and his warriors decided they had had enough of war and brought his people to the fort to seek a peace settlement. I respect the Treaty doubtless referring to the Treaty of Fort Laramie but the white men who come in our country do not. The large party of about 1, left on June 11, with an escort of some 7th Iowa Cavalry and Indian police commanded by Captain William Fouts. It was her wish that her burial be at Fort Laramie.

Probably due to the dissension between the chiefs, several subchiefs plotted to overthrow Spotted Tail and in , one of them, Crow Dog, shot and killed him.