Cype archimedes biography
Archimedes
| Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, mechanic and engineer from Syracuse Country: Greece |
Biography of Archimedes
Archimedes was an ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, mechanic, and engineer from Syracuse.
He considered himself primarily a mathematician and was the creator of a whole range of original laws.
One of his surviving works is the "Psammit," which presents his method of convenient recording of numbers, especially very large ones. Archimedes was born around BCE and died in BCE in one of the wealthiest Greek cities, Syracuse. He lived there during the reigns of the powerful kings Hiero II and Gelon. His father, Phidias, was an astronomer, and it is likely that Archimedes inherited his interest in mathematics from his upbringing.
As a young man, Archimedes traveled to Alexandria, the capital of Egypt, renowned at that time for its library and museum.
The specific purpose of his trip is not known, but it is possible that Archimedes wanted to meet the great Euclid, who was at the royal court of Ptolemy at that time. It is confirmed that Archimedes met a group of scholars at the museum, and one of them, Eratosthenes, became his close friend. Their friendship is of particular interest to us because Archimedes wrote a treatise "For Eratosthenes.
On the Method" in which he explains how he arrives at the solution to a problem even before it can be proven (in ancient times, mathematicians did not disclose the "secrets of their craftsmanship," but only proved the correctness of their results).
This treatise, lost in the early Middle Ages, was rediscovered in Archimedes dedicated a poem to his friend, which was probably the only one he wrote in his life.
In the poem, he described the conditions of a complex mathematical problem, taking the plot from Homer's "Odyssey." Although Archimedes did not stay at the museum, it is possible that he returned to Alexandria several times during his long life, as ships sailed almost daily from Syracuse to Alexandria.
Archimedes primarily saw himself as a mathematician in all his works.
Archimedes biography syracuse Archimedes' screw was turned by hand, and could also be used to transfer water from a low-lying body of water into irrigation canals. Cicero was in Sicily in 75 BC and he writes how he searched for Archimedes tomb see for example [ 1 ] Father of mathematical physics: James H. In this account, Archimedes noticed while taking a bath that the level of the water in the tub rose as he got in, and realized that this effect could be used to determine the golden crown's volume.He was the creator of a whole range of original laws. One of his works that has come down to us is the "Psammit," where Archimedes presents his method of convenient recording of numbers, especially very large ones. Archimedes skillfully calculated the approximation of Pi, which lies between and He needed Pi for his work "Measurement of a Circle." He also calculated the area of a parabola and a spiral, the surface area and volume of a sphere, cone, and cylinder, as well as any of their parts.
Archimedes discovered the law of hydrostatics, determining the magnitude of the buoyant (upward) force acting on an object submerged in a fluid or gas. He developed the theory of the lever and introduced the concept of the center of gravity.
The great Greek took pride in his mathematical works. According to his wishes, the monument marking his grave depicted a cylinder inscribed in a sphere.
Cype archimedes biography pdf Istorii Estestvoznaniya 2 , - Apollonius's theorem. Mathematics Physics Astronomy Mechanics Engineering. Slaves were sent in with sicklesIn the 1st century CE, Plutarch wrote about Archimedes' works, stating that there are perhaps no more difficult and laborious problems in geometry, but also no simpler and clearer solutions to them.
However, Archimedes' inventions in the field of mechanics were most valued by his contemporaries. During canal flooding, they used the "Archimedes' screw," a device for pumping water from ditches, mines, and similar places.
The screw consisted of a wooden shaft with a worm wheel mounted on it. The device was placed in a cylinder made of wooden planks. This screw is still used today, especially in Egypt. Archimedes built a planetarium that demonstrated the movement of celestial bodies and allowed him to predict upcoming solar and lunar eclipses.
In Syracuse, Archimedes once told King Hiero that if there were another Earth, he could move the one he was on by going to the other.
Cype archimedes biography In On spirals Archimedes defines a spiral, he gives fundamental properties connecting the length of the radius vector with the angles through which it has revolved. Father of mathematical physics: James H. The purported device, sometimes called " Archimedes' heat ray ", has been the subject of an ongoing debate about its credibility since the Renaissance. Apollonius's theorem.The king did not believe the scientist.
To visually demonstrate that a small force, under certain conditions, can move even a very heavy object, Archimedes chose a three-masted merchant ship from the royal fleet, which would typically require many workers to be pulled onto the water from the shipyard. A crowd of people boarded the ship, and the necessary amount of cargo was loaded.
Sitting aside and holding only the handle of a pulley, Archimedes calmly pulled on the rope, and the ship "moved" on land smoothly, as if on water!
Hiero was so amazed by Archimedes' ingenious inventions that he immediately demanded practical examples of their application. The scientist then built formidable defensive and offensive machines, enormous catapults, and "cranes" with hooks.
The military mechanisms created by Archimedes turned Syracuse into an impregnable fortress.
Cype archimedes biography wikipedia The exclamation of Eureka! On Conoids and Spheroids. In the preface to On spirals Archimedes relates an amusing story regarding his friends in Alexandria. I admired the works of artists, but to my mind, they were only shadows and semblances.In the end, in BCE, the Romans finally captured the city.
Absorbed in solving some new mathematical problem, Archimedes did not see or hear what was happening around him, nor did he notice foreign soldiers in the streets. Enraged by this, a legionnaire struck him with a sword, unaware of whom he was killing, in defiance of the orders of the Roman commander Marcellus, who wanted to save the great scientist during the storming and looting of the conquered city.
Twelve works by Archimedes on geometry, arithmetic, and mechanics have survived to this day.
Based on the quotes found in ancient Greek and Arabic authors, scholars believe that at least 14 more works by Archimedes have been lost.