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Demétre Chiparus

Romanian–French sculptor (–)

Demétre Haralamb Chiparus (Romanian: Dumitru Haralamb Chipăruș; 16 September – 22 January ) was a Romanian sculptor of the Art Deco era who lived and worked in Paris, France. He was one of the most important sculptors of the time.

Life

Demétre Chiparus, born as Dumitru Haralamb Chipăruș[1] in Dorohoi, Romania, was the son of Haralamb and Saveta Chipăruș.

In he went to Italy, where he attended the classes of Italian sculptor Raffaello Romanelli.

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In he traveled to Paris to attend the École des Beaux-Arts to pursue his art at the classes of Antonin Mercie and Jean Boucher.[2] Demétre Chiparus died in , suffering a stroke on returning from studying animals at the zoo in Vincennes.[2] He was buried in Bagneux Cemetery, just south of Paris.

Work

Early career

The first sculptures of Chiparus were created in the realistic style and were exhibited at the Salon of He employed the combination of bronze and ivory, called chryselephantine, to great effect. Most of his renowned works were made between and The first series of sculptures manufactured by Chiparus were the series of the children.

Later career

The mature style of Chiparus took shape beginning in the s.

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  • His sculptures are remarkable for their bright and outstanding decorative effect. Dancers of the Russian Ballet, French theatre,[2] and early motion pictures were among his more notable subjects and were typified by a long, slender, stylized appearance. His work was influenced by an interest in Egypt, after PharaohTutankhamen's tomb was excavated.

    Chiparus created one of the most iconic bronzes in called "Danseuse au cerceau" or "Ring Dancer" inspired in the famous and prodigious dancer Zoula de Boncza of the Parisian "Folies Bergère", a first dancer of The Belgrado Royal Opera and a Mime dancer of "l'Opéra-Comique" in Paris.

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    Later in life de Boncza, a descendant of Polish nobility and one of Loie Fuller best students, created a book published in the dance method "La Danse classique sans barre". The book was published with texts from Eugène de Rijac and illustrations by Alexandre Berlant and Yvonne Breton.

    He worked primarily with the Edmond Etling and Cie Foundry in Paris owned by Edmond Etling and administrated by Julien Dreyfus.

    Les Neveux de J. Lehmann was the second foundry who constantly worked with Chiparus and produced the sculptures cast from his models. He based many of his works on the ballet and the theatre, one particular theme being the Ballets Russes from which resulted "The Russian Dancers" depicting Vaslav Nijinsky and Ida Rubenstein in that role in Schéhérazade.[2]

    The Salon

    Chiparus rarely exhibited at the Salon.

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    In he showed his “Javelin Thrower” and in exhibited his “Ta-Keo” dancer, which was edited by the manufacture Friedrich Goldscheider. During the period of Nazi persecution and World War II, the foundries discontinued production of work by Chiparus. The economic situation of that time was not favorable to the development of decorative arts and circumstances for many sculptors worsened.

    For a time in the early s almost no works of Chiparus were sold but he continued sculpting for his own pleasure, depicting animals in the Art Deco style.

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    At the Paris Salon, the plaster sculptures “Polar Bear” and “American Bison” were exhibited and in he showed a marble “Polar Bear” and plaster “Pelican”.

    Style

    Sculptures of Chiparus represent the classical manifestation of Art Deco style in decorative bronze ivory sculpture. Traditionally, four factors of influence over the creative activity of the artist can be distinguished: Serge Diaghilev's Ballets Russes, ancient Egyptian art, and French theatre.

    Early motion pictures were among his more notable subjects and were typified by figures with a long, slender, stylized appearance.

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  • Some of his sculptures were directly inspired by Russian dancers.[2] For example, faces of “Persian Dance” figures reveal the likenesses of Nijinsky and Rubinstein, and the dress in “Starfish Girl” exactly reproduces the sketch for Goldfish's dress from the ballet “Underwater kingdom” by Lev Annensky. Chiparus could have been influenced by Russian ballets indirectly, through the performances of French music halls and cabarets which bore traces of the strong impact of Russian ballet.

    Quite often, Chiparus used the photos of Russian and French dancers, stars and models from fashion magazines of his time.

    After the tomb of Tutankhamun was discovered in , the art of ancient Egypt and the East came to French fashion, and was also reflected in the creative activity of Chiparus. Several sculptures by Chiparus and Claire Colinet represent Queen Cleopatra and Egyptian dancers.

    The sculptures of Chiparus reflect his time and s sentiment of "folle". Coming from the oldest French tradition of high-quality and extra-artistic decorative arts, the sculptures of Chiparus combine elegance and luxury, embodying the spirit of the Art Deco epoch.

    Collector interest in the work of Chiparus appeared in the s and has flourished since the s.

    A major collection of Chiparus' work is on display in the permanent collection of Casa Lis, the Art Nouveau and Art Deco museum in Salamanca, Spain.

    Death and legacy

    Demétre Chiparus died in Paris in , suffering a stroke on returning from studying animals at the zoo in Vincennes.[2] He was buried in Bagneux Cemetery, just south of Paris.

    Dh chiparus biography of martin luther king Life [ edit ]. Your life is prophetic. Other Blogs. Luther also wrote hymns.

    Chiparus is remembered as one of the most important artists of the Art Deco era.

    Gallery

    • Tânără (Girl)

    • Dansatoare Egipteană (Egyptian Dancer)

    • Fetele (The Girls)

    • Dansatori Ruși (Russian Dancers)

    References

    Sources

    • Alberto Shayo Chiparus - Master of Art Deco (Abbeville Press, Publishers ) ISBN&#;
    • Victor Arwas.

      «Art deco» — London: [1]

    • Victor Arwas. «Art Deco Sculpture: Chryselephantine Statuettes of the Twenties and Thirties» — London: [2]
    • Bryan Catley. «Art Deco and other Figures» — Woodbridge, Suffolk: [3]
    • Alexey Witt. «Demetre Chiparus - the great sculptor of an era of the Art deco» - A.

      Witt & D. Leontyev, Moscow: [4]

    External links